The eight herpes virus species include Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) & 2 (HSV-2), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV).
HSV-1 is transmitted in saliva, causing cold sores, keratoconjunctivitis and encephalitis, while HSV-2 generally is transmitted sexually, causing genital herpes, neonatal encephalitis and aseptic meningitis. However, there is some crossover of types and both cause a rash called erythema multiforme.
HSV-1 is commonest in children, causing fever, irritability and lip blisters, which heal spontaneously in two to three weeks. HSV-1 affecting the eye can be severe, with corneal ulcers, scarring, blindness and, rarely, encephalitis. HSV-2 causes recurrent painful genital blisters, fever and swollen glands, but can be carried asymptomatically around the cervix, urethra and prostate. Neonatal herpes is transmitted during vaginal delivery.
HSV diagnosis is made…
