WET MANGROVES line the many rivers that meet the ocean along Colombia’s Pacific coast. The dense tropical canopy they create makes for stifling heat – and the perfect cover from prying US satellites. For the past 25 years, drug smugglers have hidden entire manufacturing operations here beneath these trees. These aren’t drugmanufacturing operations, though – they’re making submarines. Deep in the jungle. And for the first time ever, they’ve gone electric. Last summer, the Colombian military captured a drug sub powered by smaller, quieter electric engines and a complement of more than 100 batteries.
At the building sites, smugglers ferry in thousands of kilos of materials, a labour force, and, sometimes, Russian submarine designers. They construct subs up to 30 m long, typically made of wood, fibreglass, and Kevlar to…