Scientists have mapped forests and deserts for centuries, but underground ecosystems have remained uncharted territory. Now, the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks (SPUN), an international scientific consortium, has created what may be the first global atlas of mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity. To map fungal networks, SPUN scientists used high-resolution satellite images, machine learning models, and extensive soil sampling. The resulting Underground Atlas is a free online tool that predicts mycorrhizal biodiversity patterns at a resolution of one square kilometer, with the aim of informing conservation and agricultural development.
The researchers admit that the atlas isn’t complete or perfect. Fungal networks in cities, for example, are less well understood, owing to the extreme heterogeneity of urban landscapes. Still, the mapping effort has generated useful findings: The most biodiverse mycorrhizal networks,…