Innholdsfortegnelse for 14-Sep-2024 i Amateur Gardening

This is a beautiful time of the year in so many ways. The sun is still strong, and simply divine when it’s out, yet there’s a morning chill in the air as a reminder of the distinct autumnal shift. Produce is still fattening thick and fast and there are many bright, late season blooms and gorgeous rich colours to admire. Meanwhile the natural world is busy preparing for the colder months ahead and making the most of the late summer warmth. I’ve seen lots of wasps in my garden, finally, and have delighted in watching them busy themselves pollinating plants and eating pests, no doubt trying to make up for lost time after the very slow, challenging start to the year. I’m so thrilled to see them back. I’ve been…

Sow quick-to-mature leafy crops You may have gathered that to strive towards being self-sufficient in veg you must open seed packets at all times of year, not just in spring. So, this is a call to action for all aspiring grow-your-owners to reach, once again, for your seed tins. This time I’d like to help you sow some edibles that are quick to bulk up, thriving in the cool, moist conditions of autumn. They should all give you leafy harvests come mid to late October, provided you’re happy to offer plants a little protection from cool temperatures as autumn sets in. Add these leaves to a hot pan to which you’ve sprinkled some salt, pepper and butter, and you have the perfect side dish for a multitude of main-course autumnal suppers.…

The tradition of planting bulbs is such an integral part of British gardening - no spring would be the same without them. They look particularly striking when planted in pots and baskets in a small space, bringing in the new season with a colourful show. Bulbs help me change my balcony garden with the seasons. My containers are filled with colour and food in the summer, and then as the growing season concludes I plant the bulbs that will come to life in the following spring. The classic container planting for bulbs is often described as the ‘lasagne method’, but I prefer the term ‘trifle’ as the results are much more colourful! Either of these descriptions refers to layering the bulbs throughout the pot. This means the larger, later-flowering bulbs…

This year has been a tricky one for wasps. With the soggy start to summer many gardeners have reported little to no sightings of this normally common visitor. Yet, as summer fades, wasps generally become more noticeable. Whether they’re feeding on fallen fruit, coming for your picnic, or making a break for your open kitchen window, these insects are regularly spotted in September — but why is this? Social wasp diversity In the UK there are over 9,000 different species of wasps, but the majority of them are classed as solitary species which do not live in colonies. The well-known and frequently encountered yellow and black wasps are known as social species, living in a nest and raising a colony. There are nine native social wasp species in the UK,…

When you see a variety you like, before you buy it ask about its hardiness. Ideally, go to a specialist nursery. A hardy fuchsia is only a hardy fuchsia when it grows in the garden soil. If you keep one in a patio pot over winter, it won’t be as hardy. The pot can freeze solid, whereas roots in the ground are often protected. Bring potted hardy fuchsias under cover for winter. They should be frost-free, and the compost should be kept dryish (but not totally dry). Choose the right position in the garden. A place in part shade is ideal; full summer sun can be too much for fuchsias. Water plants well during the first year, and thereafter during dry weather. Apply a general feed in spring, and another…

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● Now, if you’re anything like me then you'll be slightly obsessed with something very specific in your garden, and no – it’s not plants this time! Whenever I’m out there, among the plants, I’m always conscious of the wildlife around me, and what our garden is doing for them as much as it is for my family and me. We’re all more aware of the role pollinators play in our gardens, but we must also consider how we can support the wider habitat for birds too. My young daughters love nothing more than feeding the birds and putting out all sorts of treats for them, all year round. You can get all manner of feeds and feeders from garden centres, pet shops and more, and we do buy them,…

Dahlia days These unmistakable plants are some of the most useful and popular of summer and early-autumn blooms. Great for big, bold colour at height in the border; wonderful for cut flowers to bring indoors, and keenly contested at local flower shows, you cannot help but raise a smile when you see dahlias as in their full glory. Colour runs dramatically from whites and creams, through to nearly all of the pastel shades, to the deep purples and brick reds. Blue is the only colour missing, but even here there are plenty of lavenders, lilacs and mauves to compensate. ■ But did you know that the first dahlias were grown by plumbers? True! These plants were originally grown for their hollow, woody stems which, when dried, were used as conduits and…

1 Sow autumn green manures. Their roots help to keep the soil intact and their top growth blocks weeds. Cut them down and dig them in a few weeks before next spring. 2 Alternatively, don’t be tooprecious about non-evasive weeds. Let them grow and they will have the same benefits as green manures. Just make sure to deadhead them before they flower and seed. 3 Add any used compost toyour beds. It may be poor in nutrients after the growing season but it is an excellent soil conditioner. Compost that grew blighted toms can be used on tomato-free borders. 4 If you make your own compost, spread it over the borders after rain to hold in moisture and enrich the soil. Worms, weather and microbes will break it down and…

13-15 Sept: Harrogate Autumn Flower Show, Newby Hall & Gardens, Ripon, Yorkshire, HG4 5AE. 9.30am-5.30pm. 13-15: Festival of Flavours, RHS Garden Bridgewater, Worsley, Salford, Greater Manchester, M28 2LJ. 10am-5pm. 14-15: Surrey Chilli Festival, Walton on Thames Cricket Club, Ashley Park Avenue, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, KT12 1ET. (11am-7pm Sat, 10am-6pm Sun). 14: The Romsey Show, Broadlands Park, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 9LQ. 8am-6pm. 14-15 Sept: Cactus at the Castle, Lullingstone Castle, Eynsford, Kent, DA4 0JA. 14 Sept: Usk Show, B4235 Chepstow Road, 2 miles outside of Usk town. 15 Sept: Plant Fair, Felley Priory, Underwood, Nottinghamshire, NG16 5FJ. 10am-3pm. 15 Sept: Autumn Plant Fair, Mapperton, near Beaminster, Dorset, DT8 3NR. 15 Sept: Plant Fairs Roadshow, Borde Hill Gardens, Borde Hill Lane, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH16 1XP. 10am-3pm. 5 Sept: Plant Heritage Autumn Plant…

Ideas for underplanting Q Can you suggest any shrubs or ferns which would thrive in pots under my cherry tree. (via email) Martin Hadlington (via email) A What a good idea – furnishing the gloomier patches beneath your cherry tree with potted, shade-loving plants. The following should prosper for you: Ferns, such as polypody (polypodium) in variety, soft shield fern (Polystichum setiferum) and P. polyblepharum and autumn fern (Dryopteris erythrosora) are a joy to witness. As for shrubs, Japanese spurge (Pachysandra terminalis), Gaultheria procumbens, Euonymus ‘Emerald Gaiety’ and Mahonia ‘Apollo’ always attract attention. Undercover blight Q Blight got to my greenhouse tomatoes, which were grown in soil beds. What should I do in the future? Claire Arnols, Hants A Rather than risk reinfection next year from spores that have overwintered in…

Identification needed Q Please could you identify this plant for me? Jan Nelson (via email) A Lucky you! A seed, minute and airborne, has blown into your garden from our native foxglove (Digitalis purpurea). Unusually, instead of producing typical purple blooms, they are almost white. Albino-flowered plants are rare and, as you now have one, it may produce seeds, some of which may bear white blooms, the rest opening purple. Alternatively, a seed may have come from a yellow-flowered foxglove (Digitalis grandiflora) that was in a nearby garden and has yielded milky blooms. Whichever you have, it will be a biennial, dying and setting seeds after flowering, or a short-lived perennial, pleasing you with its blossom for a few years before expiring. Agapanthus care Q We have a tender agapanthus…

Your plant recommendations from expert plantsman, Michael. Have you grown heuchera? And if not, why not! They are one of the most versatile plants I know, and are much more than they first appear. Across heuchera, tiarella, and their offspring heucherella, there’s a plant for every spot, from shady corners to container mix ups and hanging baskets to flower stems for an indoor vase. And I bet you didn’t know that the bees love those delicate flowers too? I often see them darting up and down the pretty spikes. Grow heuchera and their friends in good, well-drained soil, in dappled shade - although many new cultivars will tolerate sun as well. They also don’t mind if the soil dries out from time to time, and they are perfect for containers.…

1 Deadhead as soon as flowers start to fade. If you are growing dahlias, remove the elongated ‘buds’ which are the developing seedheads left by spent blooms, but leave the neat round ones as these will flower. 2 Keep feeding with a potassium-rich liquid fertiliser to encourage continued flowering. Water during dry spells, but don’t overwater, especially as peat-free composts can look dry on top but we wet underneath. Stick your finger in and if it feels damp, leave watering for a day or two.…

✿ “What’s a stone fruit?”, I hear you ask? Well, a fruit with a stone in it! By ‘stone’ I mean a hard case enclosing the seed, and I’m talking specifically about trees such as cherries, plums, gages, damsons, peaches, nectarines and apricots (also almonds). Why the fuss? Well, many stone fruits become more prone to infection by silver leaf or bacterial canker diseases if they’re pruned in winter (which is a time when many folk decide to cut back their trees). Both diseases can cause dieback and weakness, so to deter infection vulnerable plants are pruned in summer instead of winter. Summer pruning cuts dry and heal over quickly compared with winter ones, so infection is far less likely. Most mature stone fruit trees need very little pruning, other…

Hog peanut ✿ If you fancy harvesting a tasty ‘curiosity’-style snack from your plot, rather than anything with gargantuan yields, then take a look at the hog peanut, botanically known as Amphicarpaea bracteata. It’s a hardy American perennial scrambler that gently twines, climbs and rambles through shady woodland areas. Unusually, it develops two types of pod: one that lives above ground (like a conventional pea or bean, harvested in late summer) and one that develops below ground (like a groundnut, harvested in late autumn and winter). The seeds from aerial pods are best soaked and boiled like split peas before consumption because they frequently dry out within their pods, whereas those ripening below the soil can be eaten fresh and are said to have a flavour reminiscent of beans.…

Q Can I buy organic bulbs? A Organic bulbs can be a bit of a challenge with just one per cent of bulbs being organically produced. The methods, such as an agroforestry system or being planted in conjunction with green manures, takes more time and produces smaller yields. However, it’s about supply and demand so if you want organic bulbs, demand them and more will be produced. Q How can I recycle spent bulbs? A If growing in pots on a seasonal basis, you can easily find spots to rehouse bulbs once the spring is over. Give them five to six weeks to reabsorb the nutrients and transfer to the ground. Mine often end up in my car park verge, and the daffodils are transplanted to the lawns of friends.…

‘Earlibird’ The earliest ripening Supersweet perfect for growing in an indifferent summer. Expect one or two cobs per plant, well-packed with flavoursome kernels. Justseed.com ‘Goldcrest’ A super-sweet variety whose well-filled cobs of delicious thin-skinned kernels develop on vigorous plants resistant to wind damage. Sowseeds.co.uk ‘Lark’ This early ‘Tendersweet’ type produces cobs of delicious kernels even when summers are poor. Skins are very tender and the cobs are around 20cm (8in) long. Thompson-morgan.com…

There is something very special about this time of year, as the seasons move from summer towards autumn and I call it ‘The Pause’. There’s a short period, when for a handful of weeks the heavy warmth of fragrance-filled air hangs over the garden like an invisible blanket of joy. The light is rich and soft and the warmed earth reflects the heat back at us, making a barefoot stroll in the garden a pleasure still. Hopefully, there is an abundance of food to harvest and an equally abundant flower garden to enjoy. Here is my selection of the best bright and show-stopping colourful flowers for the garden in September. Zinnia ‘Benarys Giant Mixed’ I’ve heard that Zinnias are often considered to be beginner’s plants, but I didn’t have much…

There are many herbs that a gardener can successfully dry. My favourites that grow well in my garden, and in pots, include marjoram, golden oregano, thyme, rosemary and garden mint. Though the last one in that list is thought to be quintessentially British, thanks probably to the popular mint sauce addition with lamb, it is one of the best-travelled herbs in the world and can be found on nearly every continent across the globe. Its myriad varieties, tastes and global uses are indeed mind-boggling. I only grow a mere handful, including Moroccan, spearmint and common garden mint. Herbs are the great survivors of the plant world and they are found in every type of garden and every conceivable place in the wild where flora survives. Drying them can often be…

There are some beautiful hardy plants that can be sown now to flower this year, and one of my Top 10 has to be musk mallow (Malva moschata). These bushy plants produce abundant flowers in shades of pink as well as a stunning white, which is calming and cool on the eye when the summer sun is at its height. Musk mallow grows to around 90cm (3ft) in height and its saucer-shaped flowers, which can last all summer, are a real draw for pollinators. At this time of year you have two options when growing from seed. You can either sow where you want your plants to grow, thinning out the seedlings if they appear too close together, or, alternatively, sow in pots or trays of good quality peat-free seed…

Q Please can I ask you if my container-grown ‘Conference’ pear has a case of fire blight and is there any solution? Diane Newby (via email) If the disfigured ‘burnt’ leaves are accompanied by an oozing slime on twigs and lesions, then, as your pear is suffering from fire blight, which spreads rapidly to other members of the rose family – cotoneaster, sorbus and photinia among them – it should be destroyed and reported to Defra. Then again, if there are no cankerous shoots and patches of sunken diseased bark, it could be infected with scab disease, characterised by olive-brown or black patches on leaves and hard scabby lumps on the fruit. In this instance, as we are no longer using fungicides, which also kill our fast declining and vital…

Q Growing here when we bought the house and bearing only leaves for several years, this has burst into growth this season and now stands proud at 3m (10ft). We missed what must have been rather insignificant flowers which have set clusters of ivy-like berries for the first time in the seven years we’ve owned it. Can you identify it from the pictures provided? David Evans, Oswestry, Shropshire A The mystery tree is Chinese witch hazel (Hamamelis mollis) and the clusters of globular nut-like objects are its fruits. Pleasingly, its fragrant spidery spun-gold flowers cheer spring, and autumn sees it colouring the garden with its leaves which turn a bright yellow. A native of Western China, ‘Coombe Wood’ and ‘Goldcrest’ are choice and large-flowered varieties. We are delighted that you…

Be prepared’ is a saying we should all remember, and it applies to our lawns too. This summer has been wet, dry, windy, and, if we’re honest, completely unpredictable. But that’s lawn care in a nutshell, and it always has been. We know winters will be cold, wet, and grey, and that summers may be dry or wet. We also know that spring can come early and be dry or wet, but sensible lawn care involves taking what we know and using it to prevent the issues we anticipate. Preparing our lawns for this coming autumn and winter should be no different. This summer has brought excessive rainfall and strong growth, and with this comes more thatch, so it’s essential to remove some of it before winter sets in and…

At this time of the year the aim of the game is to keep summer’s colourful displays lasting as long as possible so they segue effortlessly into autumn’s rich hues. Not that long ago, September was the month for deciding that the time had come to start preparing the garden for winter. But the weather trend of the past few years has been for bedraggled summers and long, warm, golden autumns, allowing us to eke out the flowering and cropping for a few more weeks. Keeping annuals going means continuing to deadhead and feed, as well as swiftly removing any part of the plant that shows signs of disease, which I talk about on the following page. It’s also the time to cut back perennials that appear to have finished…

■ The warm, still, damp conditions of autumn create a breeding ground for fungal diseases, so nip them in the bud. ■ Our hollyhocks have suffered from rust this summer, so I’m going to cut the plants right down this autumn and dispose of the remains. I should probably ditch the plants, but they made a focal statement in the beds and flowered well, and for a long time, so I would like to see them come back next year. ■ But to help prevent the spread of rust, I’ll clear away all the fallen leaves and plant debris and mulch around the base of the plant to bury any rust disease spores. ■ Powdery mildew is another common problem, often prevalent on squashes and courgettes - and this year…

These vigorous plants can accidentally run out of steam if you don’t give them enough sustenance. But don’t fret! It’s easy to revive their cropping power with a little timely TLC, so let me show you how you can continue picking pods well into October - and even November in milder locations. 1 Climbing French and runner beans often reach the top of their supports come August, and from that point onwards their scrambling stems can become a tangled top-knot. Using secateurs, thin out this congestion to re-focus their energies (target weak/wayward stems). 2 If seeds are allowed to mature within the bean’s pods, this tells the plant that its work is done: seeds are set so no more pods are needed. Hijack this message! Strip all mature pods from…

First discovered in 2007, this gall mite is more of a problem in southern England and Wales – however it is creeping northwards (it was found in Cheshire in 2017). Do keep an eye on your plants (and those of your neighbours)! The fuchsia gall mite is a microscopic sap-sucking mite that only affects fuchsias. It can cause extensive galling and distortion, affecting the plant’s appearance. It affects new growth at the shoot tips, where it sucks sap, and secretes chemicals that prevents the normal development of leaves and flowers. In bad cases, foliage can become distorted, and growth and bud development all but ceases. The recommendation is to physically remove as much of the infested material as possible, which should be burnt.…

Reflections on the growing year, sweetcorn and tomato seed saving Growing edibles brings opportunities for foraging, but how many of us finish work, bundle indoors and then reach for a convenient shop-bought tub of herbs, or open a tin of sweetcorn instead of taking the time to roam the garden in search of flavours? Foraging does take time, but making that time slows us down, sharpens our appetites and inspires exciting ways of serving up food with what we find. Just five minutes or so to bring in a handful of herbs, some tasty roots, a few apples and a head or two of elderberries is time well spent. I think of it as making my own organic food box. As the growing season slows down towards autumn, it is…

There is money to be saved by collecting and storing seeds from your own plants and in my experience, this super fresh seed also germinates well. Not all plants will come true from seed, including F1 hybrids with complicated parentage, and promiscuous crops like squash, as when many different varieties within one species are grown together, the offspring will be variable and not always in a good way. Although it is possible to simply cut fruits open, squeeze out the seeds and pulp, dry and store them, I prefer to be rid of the scraps of flesh clinging to the seeds. To clean your seed place them into a jam jar of water and leave for a few days until a light scum forms on the surface. Pour off the…

Euphorbias add their distinctive yellowy-green to all areas of Beth’s garden, from the shade of the woodland to the dry, sunny Gravel Garden. Some have large, showy flowerheads, like Euphorbia characias subsp. wulfenii whose architectural blooms stand tall throughout spring and early summer, and species such as E. cyparissias, which produce low-growing foliage helpfully clothing the ground throughout the growing season. A species that doesn’t fit the typical euphorbia appearance of acid green bracts is Euphorbia griffithii, which forms orange-red flowers and red-tinted foliage. With more than 1,500 different species, native to almost every country in the world, euphorbia is an incredibly diverse genus. ‘In comparison with many other flowering plants whose effect is so ephemeral, there are few which give such value over long periods as euphorbias. We grow…

Calendulas are wonderful plants and every gardener needs to grow them. Here are some of the benefits these beautiful flowers can bring 1 They’re easy to grow Calendula (Calendula officinalis) - often called pot marigold - is part of the Asteraceae family and very fuss-free, requiring little aftercare. Seeds can be directly sown from March to May at approximately 1cm (½ in) deep and covered lightly. Thin plants to around 10cm (4in) apart when they have produced their first true leaves. 2 They can be grown almost anywhere Preferring full sun but tolerating part-shade, calendula will thrive in pots, veg beds or baskets. They dislike waterlogged and overly fertile soil and won’t flower in deep shade, but are happy in most soil types. 3 They’re a natural pest control ally…

Summer seemed to take a long time getting started and now, like a flash, it is behind us. I’m writing this on a grey, damp August day hoping that by the time September rolls around the current trend for warm, sunny early autumn days will have kicked in. This is not only because it gives us an extra few weeks to enjoy our gardens and for crops to ripen, but because it gives us more time to get our plot ready for winter. As the weather gets more extreme and unpredictable, we need to be ready for all eventualities. Down here on the south coast we are now seeing much heavier rain than I can ever remember. Torrential downpours that used to be talked about for weeks afterwards are now…

■ Every autumn and spring I scour our borders for signs of the frondy, brilliant green leaves that are a sign that nigella, or love-in-a-mist, has self-seeded. ■ These are one of my favourite hardy annuals to grow, and although they now come in a range of colours, from deep purple to glowing white, the traditional blue of ‘Miss Jekyll’ takes some beating. ■ I first sowed them in our garden when we moved here 12 years ago and haven’t had to add any since because they are prolific self-seeders, but never become invasive because they are easy to pull out. ■ Their intriguing flowers with fronds of green last for weeks in succession. They look amazing growing in clumps, waving in the breeze, and once they have finished they…

Q The leaves of my ‘Halliana’ honeysuckle are yellow and sparse at the bottom although green at the top, and other varieties I have grown usually get powdery mildew. Can you suggest a variety which will do well in clay soil in dappled shade? Patricia Hopkinson, Child Okeford, Dorset I am sorry to hear about your unhappy honeysuckle – Lonicera japonica ‘Halliana’ – whose leaves are yellowish and sparse at the base, and white with powdery mildew. I suspect that it’s growing where there is little light and air movement is restricted and this disease is crippling the foliage. If your plant is too large to move to a more open spot where it will be healthier, feed it regularly during the growing season with sulphate of potash to build…

Q More than 50 years ago I found a gnarled base of a rose nestled against the old dry-stone wall. I transplanted it and it survived for a decade or so, and I took a cutting. I know nothing of its history, other than it must have been many years old, I estimate it must have originated in the early part of the 20th century. Do you recognise it? Anne Wilson (via email) A Good for you. It’s a little hard to tell from the image but your mystery rose appears to be ‘Claire Jacquier’. Introduced by a Frenchman, A. Bernaix in 1888, it is similar in appearance to ‘Alister Stella Gray’. In good soil in full sun and if regularly fed with a magnesium-rich rose fertiliser, monthly from April…

Do potatoes have to flower before Q they can be lifted? I have used the same seed potato in a polytunnel and in outdoor pots, the polytunnel has set flowers whilst the outdoor pots have not. Andrew J. Waters, Newquay, Cornwall A Early varieties of potato, such as ‘Arran Pilot’, ‘Epicure’ and ‘Maris Bard’ which usually flower in June, are ready for harvesting when blooms appear and tubers are hen’s egg size. As for the maincrop brigade – ‘Maris Piper’, ‘Desiree’ and ‘Pentland Crown’ among them – tubers take from four to five months to swell to harvesting size, so they are not ready for lifting before August or September. Another clue to when the crop is ready is when leaves start to turn yellow and wither. I suspect that…

Awesome arbour Dear Kim, I just had to show you the arbour my boys put together for me from a kit. Amateurs at DIY, just as I am at gardening, they didn’t find it easy and - OK - the top is the wrong way round, but I just love it. All the best, Maggie Cobbett Kim says; Maggie that looks fabulous. I think every garden needs a nice seating area and you now have one with which to impress your friends. I like the wrong way round top! Amaranthus seed sensation Hi Kim, I thought that you and maybe readers might be interested in seeing the “tassels” on my amaranthus, which I grew from a packet of seeds from Amateur Gardening mag. Richard Partridge Kim says; I’m so glad…

There are many questions that keep scientists awake at night: “Do black holes come in other colours?” and “Does dark matter, matter?” Then there’s the mystery that has tested minds of those with a botanical bent since the dawn of gardening; why are secateurs never where you’ve left them….? We’ve all experienced the phenomenon of snips vanishing, only to materialise, like a boat that’s had a brush with the Bermuda Triangle, in an unusual or unexpected place. I found my long-lost Felcos by the fridge: a sure sign of an anomaly in the space-time continuum? Or were they waiting for someone to open the door so they could reach in for the milk? All we know is that science clearly has some catching up to do on the secateur ‘problem’,…

Autumn is setting in and daylight hours are slowly but surely reducing. We have had a series of mild autumns, almost extended summers, in recent years, but right now anything can happen, so it’s best to be prepared. Hopefully the first frosts will be some way off, but we can’t get complacent none the less. The timing therefore of when to harvest remaining frost-tender crops is debatable. Certainly with the gently fading sun, produce grows less vigorously and hopes of an Indian summer might be a mere mirage on the horizon that soon fades. It’s best not to get our hopes up and then get caught out unawares, so do harvest remaining tender produce sooner, rather than later, before the grimmer weather rolls on in. That said, do hold out…